Wang Xizhi (wāng xī zhī 王羲之) is one of the most famous calligraphers during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (dōng jìn 东晋,AD 317-420) of China. When he was very young, he practiced his art every day and never stopped. Later he absorbed the strong points of all the other schools of calligraphy, and developed his own unique style of writing. Because of his achievements, he has been honored as one of China's sages of calligraphy. It is said that a carpenter once found that the ink of the characters Wang Xizhi had written had gone almost one centimeter into the wood because of his forceful stroke." Rù Mù Sān Fēn" is got from this story, which means the calligraphy is penetrating. Now it is often used to describe expressing sharp ideas or profound views.

In the third century, China was divided into three kingdoms: Wei (wèi guó 魏国) in the north, Shu (shǔ guó 蜀国) in the southwest and Wu (wú guó 吴国) in the southeast. Shu was a weak state.

                 
In the Spring and Autumn Period (chūn qiū 春秋时期,770-476 BC), the famous strategist Sun Wu (sūn wǔ 孙武) known as Sun Zi (sūn zǐ 孙子) came to see the King of the State of Wu (wǔ guǒ 吴国) , bringing along his great work The Art of War (sūn zǐ bīng fǎ 孙子兵法).

The Warring States Period (zhàn guó 战国,475――221BC) witnessed a great deal of wars and alliances among small states in China. At that time,in order to pursue their common interests in such hash situation,the State of Wei (wèi guó 魏国) and the State of Zhao (zhào guó 赵国) attempted to sign a treaty of alliance.

 
Once upon a time, there lived an old man on the northern frontier of China. One day, his horse disappeared. His neighbors came to comfort him. But the old man was not upset at all. He said the loss might turn out to be a good thing. And he was right. A few months later, his horse came back with another horse that was even better. His neighbors came to congratulate him on his gain.