Oracle Bone Inscription |
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Oracle bone inscriptions were first discovered in the autumn of 1899. They came to light in Yinxu (yīn xū 殷墟), near Xiaotun (xiǎo tún 小屯) village, Anyang City (ān yáng shì 安阳市), Henan Province (hé nán shěng 河南省). This was the site of the capital city of the Yin Dynasty (yīn dài 殷代), which is the name given to the later period of the Shang Dynasty.
Oracle bone inscriptions are regarded as the primary form of modern Chinese characters. They are the oldest mature characters that exists in China. From the oracle bone inscriptions that found in Yinxu, it can been seen that the Chinese characters had been an integrated system. There are more than 4000 characters in the oracle bone inscriptions that found in Yinxu. They are much different from the characters that we used today in shape, but are similar in character formation. As the earliest and most precious culture relic, oracle bone inscriptions recorded the information of 3000 years ago about Chinese social politics, economics, culture and so on. Oracle bone inscription has been the most important direct historical materials for us to study on Chinese ancient history, especially the Shang Dynasty history, and has become the worldwide knowledge. 甲骨文被认为是现代汉字的早期形式,有时候也被认为是汉字的书体之一,也是现存中国最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文是一种很重要的古汉字资料。绝大部分甲骨文发现于殷墟。从殷商的甲骨文看来,当时的汉字已经发展成为完整的汉语文字体系了。在已发现的殷墟甲骨文里,出现的单字数量已达4000左右。其中既有大量指事字、象形字、会意字,也有很多形声字。这些文字和我们现在使用的文字,在外形上有巨大的区别。但是从构字方法来看,二者基本上是一致的。
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