Tang Dynasty (618-907)
After the Han Dynasty (hàn cháo 汉朝) came the Three Kingdoms Period (sān guó shí qī 三国时期, 220-265), the Jin Dynasty (jìn cháo 晋朝, 265-420), the Southern and Northern Dynasties (nán běi cháo 南北朝, 420-589) and the Sui Dynasty (suí cháo 隋朝, 581-618). Then came the Tang Dynasty (táng cháo 唐朝), established by Li Yuan (lǐ yuān 李渊) in 618 with its capital at Chang'an (cháng ān 长安, Xi'an).

In Tang Dynasty, agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished; technologies for textile manufacturing and dyeing, pottery and porcelain production, smelting and shipbuilding were further developed. Woodblock printings of dictionaries and almanacs and Buddhist scriptures were in circulation.

The Grand Canal (dà yùn hé 大运河) also helped the flow of merchandise. Chang'an became a cultural and international trade center and — along with Luoyang (luò yáng 洛阳), Yangzhou (yáng zhōu 扬州), and Guangzhou (guǎng zhōu 广州) — a major commercial center. During the Tang Dynasty cultural relations were established with many countries, including Japan, Korea, India, Persia and Arabia. By the 660s, China's influence had firmly taken root in the Tarim basin and Ili River valley in today's Xijiang (xīn jiāng 新疆) in the West, even extending to many city-states in Central Asia.

唐代盛世（618—907年）
汉之后，经历了三国、晋、南北朝、隋等朝代，李渊于公元618年建立了唐朝。李渊的儿子唐太宗李世民（626—649年在位）实行一系列开明的政策，把中国封建时期的繁荣昌盛推向了顶峰：有发达的农业、手工业和商业，纺织、染色、陶瓷、冶炼、造船等技术也都有了进一步的发展，全国水陆交通纵横交错。七世纪六十年代，中国的力量不仅在塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、伊犁河流域牢牢扎根，甚至扩展到中亚的许多城邦。中国与日本、朝鲜、印度、波斯、阿拉伯等许多国家建立了广泛的经济和文化联系。