Product Quality Law of The People's Republic of China

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Product Quality Law of The People's Republic of China

Chinese Law

Product Quality Law of The People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国产品质量法

第一章总则

Chapter I General Provisions

第一条为了加强对产品质量的监督管理，明确产品质量责任，保护用户、消费者的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted to strengthen the supervision and control over product quality, to define the liability for product quality, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of users and consumers and to safeguard the socio-economic order.

第二条在中华人民共和国境内从事产品生产、销售活动，必须遵守本法。本法所称产品是指经过加工、制作，用于销售的产品。建设工程不适用本法规定。

Article 2 Anyone who conducts activities of production and sale of any product within the territory of the People’s Republic of China must abide by this Law. Product referred to in this law means a product which is processed or manufactured for the purpose of sale. This Law shall not apply to construction projects.

第三条生产者、销售者依照本法规定承担产品质量责任。

Article 3 Producers and sellers shall be liable for product quality in accordance with this Law.

第四条禁止伪造或者冒用认证标志、名优标志等质量标志；禁止伪造产品的产地，伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址；禁止在生产、销售的产品中掺杂、掺假，以假充真、以次充好。

Article 4 It is prohibited to forge or falsely use authentication marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks; it is prohibited to forge the origin of a product, to forge or falsely use the name and address of a factory of another producers; and it is prohibited to mix impurities or imitations into products that are produced or sold, or pass a fake product off as a genuine one, or pass a defective product off as a high-quality one.

第五条国家鼓励推行科学的质量管理方法，采用先进的科学技术，鼓励企业产品质量达到并且超过行业标准、国家标准和国际标准。对产品质量管理先进和产品质量达到国际先进水平、成绩显著的单位和个人，给予奖励。

Article 5 The State shall encourage the popularization of scientific methods in product quality control and the adoption of advanced science and technology. The State shall encourage enterprises to make their product quality meet and even surpass their respective trade standards, the national and international standards. Units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in ensuring advanced product quality control and in raising product quality to the advanced international standards shall be awarded.

第六条国务院产品质量监督管理部门负责全国产品质量监督管理工作。国务院有关部门在各自的职责范围内负责产品质量监督管理工作。

Article 6 The department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council shall be responsible for nation-wide supervision and control over product quality. The relevant departments under the State Council shall be responsible for supervision and control over product quality within the scope of their respective functions and responsibilities.

县级以上地方人民政府管理产品质量监督工作的部门负责本行政区域内的产品质量监督管理工作。

The administrative departments responsible for supervision over product quality in the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of supervision and control over product quality within their administrative regions. The relevant partments in the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of supervision and control over product quality within the scope of their respective functions and responsibilities.

第二章产品质量的监督管理

Chapter II Supervision and Control over Product Quality

第七条产品质量应当检验合格，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。

Article 7 The quality of a product shall be inspected and proved to be up to the standards. No sub-standard product shall be passed off as a product up to the standards.

第八条可能危及人体健康和人身、财产安全的工业产品，必须符合保障人体健康、人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准；未制定国家标准、行业标准的，必须符合保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的要求。

Article 8 Industrial products constituting possible threats to the health or safety of human life and property must be in compliance with the national standards and trade standards safeguarding the health or safety of human life and property; In the absence of such national standards or trade standards, the product must meet the requirements for safeguarding the health or safety of human life and property.

第九条国家根据国际通用的质量管理标准，推行企业质量体系认证制度。企业根据自愿原则可以向国务院产品质量监督管理部门或者国务院产品质量监督管理部门授权的部门认可的认证机构申请企业质量体系认证。经认证合格的，由认证机构颁发企业质量体系认证证书。

Article 9 The State shall, in compliance with the international quality control standards in general use, practise a rule of authentication for enterprise quality system. an enterprise may on voluntary basis apply to the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council or an authentication agency approved by a department authorized by the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council for authentication of enterprise quality system. With respect to the enterprise which has passed the authentication, the authentication agency shall issue an authentication certificate of enterprise quality system.

国家参照国际先进的产品标准和技术要求，推行产品质量认证制度。企业根据自愿原则可以向国务院产品质量监督管理部门或者国务院产品质量监督管理部门授权的部门认可的认证机构申请产品质量认证。经认证合格的，由认证机构颁发产品质量认证证书，准许企业在产品或者其包装上使用产品质量认证标志。

The State shall practise a product quality authentication system by making reference to the internationally advanced product standards and technical requirements. An enterprise may on voluntary basis apply to the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council or to an authentication agency approved by a department authorized by the department in charge of supervision and control over product in quality under the State Council for authentication of product quality. With respect to the enterprise which has passed the authentication, the authentication agency shall issue a product quality authentication certificate and permit it to use the product quality authentication marks on its products or the packages thereof.

第十条国家对产品质量实行以抽查为主要方式的监督检查制度，对可能危及人体健康和人身、财产安全的产品，影响国计民生的重要工业产品以及用户、消费者、有关组织反映有质量问题的产品进行抽查。监督抽查工作由国务院产品质量监督管理部门规划和组织。

Article 10 The State shall, with respect to product quality, enforce a upervision and inspection system with random checking as its main form. Products constituting possible threats to the health or safety of human life and property, important industrial products which have a bearing on the national economy and the people's livelihood, and products with quality problems as reported by users, consumers or relevant organizations shall be subjected to random checking. such supervision and random checking shall be planned and organized by the department in charge of supervision and control over product quality under the State Council.

县级以上地方人民政府管理产品质量监督工作的部门在本行政区域内也可以组织监督抽查，但是要防止重复抽查。产品质量抽查的结果应当公布。法律对产品质量的监督检查另有规定的，依照有关法律的规定执行。根据监督抽查的需要，可以对产品进行检验，但不得向企业收取检验费用。监督抽查所需检验费用按照国务院规定列支。

The administrative departments responsible for supervision over product quality of the local people’s governments at or above the county level may also organize supervision and random checking within their respective administrative regions. However, overlapping random checking shall be avoided. The results of random checking of product quality shall be made public. Where the laws provide otherwise with respect to the supervision over and inspection of product quality, the provisions of such laws shall apply.Products may be inspected if the supervision and random checking for such products so require, but no fees shall be charged for such purposes from the enterprises concerned. Expenses thus incurred shall be disbursed in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State Council.

第十一条产品质量检验机构必须具备相应的检测条件和能力，经省级以上人民政府产品质量监督管理部门或者其授权的部门考核合格后，方可承担产品质量的检验工作。法律、行政法规对产品质量检验机构另有规定的，依照有关的法律、行政法规的规定执行。

Article 11 Product quality inspection institutions must have appropriate testing facilities and capabilities, and shall undertake the work of inspection of product quality only after being examined and verified by a department in charge of supervisions and control over product quality under the people’s government at or above the provincial level or an organization authorized by the department. Where the laws, administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise with respect to the product quality inspection institutions, the provisions of such laws, rules and regulations shall apply.

第十二条用户、消费者有权就产品质量问题，向产品的生产者、销售者查询；向产品质量监督管理部门、工商行政管理部门及有关部门申诉，有关部门应当负责处理。

Article 12 Users and consumers shall have the right to make inquiries to the producers and sellers about the quality of their products. Where a complaint is made to a department in charge of supervision and control over product quality or to an administrative department for industry and commerce or to any other department concerned, such department shall be responsible for the handling thereof.

第十三条保护消费者权益的社会组织可以就消费者反映的产品质量问题建议有关部门负责处理，支持消费者对因产品质量造成的损害向人民法院起诉。

Article 13 Social organizations responsible for the protection of the rights and interests of consumers may, with respect to matters concerning product quality as reported by consumers, suggest to the departments concerned that they handle the matters, and may support consumers in bringing a suit to a people's court for the damage caused by quality problems of products.

第三章生产者、销售者的产品质量责任和义务

Chapter III Liability and Obligation of Producers and Sellers Concerning Product Quality

第一节生产者的产品质量责任和义务

Section 1 Liability and Obligation of Producers Concerning Product Quality

第十四条生产者应当对其生产的产品质量负责。产品质量应当符合下列要求：

Article 14 Producers shall be liable for the quality of the products they produce.The products shall meet the following quality requirements:

（一）不存在危及人身、财产安全的不合理的危险，有保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的，应当符合该标准；

(1) being free from unreasonable dangers threatening the safety of human life and property, and conforming to the national standards or trade standards safeguarding the health or safety of human life and property where there are such standards;

（二）具备产品应当具备的使用性能，但是，对产品存在使用性能的瑕疵作出说明的除外；

(2) possessing the properties and functions that they ought to possess, except for those with directions stating their functional defects;

（三）符合在产品或者其包装上注明采用的产品标准，符合以产品说明、实物样品等方式表明的质量状况。

(3) conforming to the product standards marked on the products or the packages thereof, and to the state of quality indicated by way of product directions, samples, etc.

第十五条产品或者其包装上的标识应当符合下列要求：

Article 15 All marks on the products or the packages thereof shall meet the following requirements:

（一）有产品质量检验合格证明；

(1) with certification showing that the product has passed quality inspection;

（二）有中文标明的产品名称、生产厂厂名和厂址；

(2) with name of the product, name and address of the factory that produced the product, all being marked in Chinese;

（三）根据产品的特点和使用要求，需要标明产品规格、等级、所含主要成份的名称和含量的，相应予以标明；

(3) with corresponding indications regarding the specifications, grade of the product, the main ingredients and their quantities contained in the product, where such particulars are to be indicated according to the special nature and instructions for use of the product;

（四）限期使用的产品，标明生产日期和安全使用期或者失效日期；

(4) with production date, safe-use period or date of invalidity if the product is to be used within a time limit;

（五）使用不当，容易造成产品本身损坏或者可能危及人身、财产安全的产品，有警示标志或者中文警示说明。

(5) with warning marks or warning statements in Chinese for products which, if improperly used, may cause damage to the products per se or may endanger the safety of human life or property.

裸装的食品和其他根据产品的特点难以附加标识的裸装产品,可以不附加产品标识。

Food products without package and other non-packed products which are difficult to be marked because of their special nature may dispense with product marks.

第十六条剧毒、危险、易碎、储运中不能倒置以及有其他特殊要求的产品，其包装必须符合相应要求，有警示标志或者中文警示说明标明储运注意事项。

Article 16 The packages of poisonous, dangerous or fragile products, or products that should be kept upright during storage and transportation, or other products with special requirements must meet the corresponding requirements and carry warning marks or warning statements in Chinese indicating directions for storage and transportation.

第十七条生产者不得生产国家明令淘汰的产品。

Article 17 No producer may produce any product that has been officially eliminated by the State.

第十八条生产者不得伪造产地，不得伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址。

Article 18 No producer may forge the origin of a product, nor forge or falsely use another producer name and address.

第十九条生产者不得伪造或者冒用认证标志、名优标志等质量标志。

Article 19 No producer may forge or falsely use another producer authentication marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks.

第二十条生产者生产产品，不得掺杂、掺假，不得以假充真、以次充好，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。

Article 20 In producing products, producers may not mix impurities or imitations into the products, nor substitute a fake product for a genuine one, a defective product for a high-quality one, nor pass a substandard product off as a good-quality one.

第二节销售者的产品质量责任和义务

Section 2 Liability and Obligation of Sellers Concerning Product Quality

第二十一条销售者应当执行进货检查验收制度，验明产品合格证明和其他标识。

Article 21 A seller shall practise a check-for-acceptance system while replenishing his stock, and examine the quality certificates and other marks.

第二十二条销售者应当采取措施，保持销售产品的质量。

Article 22 A seller shall adopt measures to keep the products for sale in good quality.

第二十三条销售者不得销售失效、变质的产品。

Article 23 A seller may not sell invalid or deteriorated products.

第二十四条销售者销售的产品的标识应当符合本法第十五条的规定。

Article 24 The marks of seller products shall conform to the provisions of Article 15 of this Law.

第二十五条销售者不得伪造产地，不得伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址。

Article 25 A seller may not forge the origin of a product, nor forge or falsely use another producer name and address.

第二十六条销售者不得伪造或者冒用认证标志、名优标志等质量标志。

Article 26 A seller may not forge or falsely use another producer authentication marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks.

第二十七条销售者销售产品，不得掺杂、掺假，不得以假充真、以次充好，不得以不合格产品冒充合格产品。

Article 27In selling products, sellers, may not mix impurities or imitations into the products, nor substitute a fake product for a genuine one, a defective product for a high-quality one, nor pass a substandard product off as a good-quality one.

第四章损害赔偿

Chapter IV Compensation for Damage

第二十八条售出的产品有下列情形之一的，销售者应当负责修理、更换、退货；给购买产品的用户、消费者造成损失的，销售者应当赔偿损失：

Article 28 A seller shall be responsible for repair, or change, or refund of a product if it is sold under any of the following circumstances, and, where the product has caused any loss on users or consumers, the seller shall compensate for such loss:

（一）不具备产品应当具备的使用性能而事先未作说明的；

(1) not having the functions it ought to have, and no prior explanation thereabout having been given by the seller;

（二）不符合在产品或者其包装上注明采用的产品标准的；

(2) not conforming to the product standards marked on the product or its package;

（三）不符合以产品说明、实物样品等方式表明的质量状况的。

(3) not conforming to the state of quality indicated by way of product directions or sample, etc.

销售者依照前款规定负责修理、更换、退货、赔偿损失后，属于生产者的责任或者属于向销售者提供产品的其他销售者（以下简称供货者）的责任的，销售者有权向生产者、供货者追偿。

After repair, change, refund or compensation has been made according to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if the liability is attributed to the producer or to another seller who has supplied the product (hereinafter referred to as supplier), the seller shall have the right to recover his losses from the producer or the supplier.

销售者未按照第一款规定给予修理、更换、退货或者赔偿损失的，由管理产品质量监督工作的部门或者工商行政管理部门责令改正。

Where a seller fails to make repair, change, refund or compensation in accordance with the provisions in the first paragraph, the department in charge of supervision over product quality or the administrative department for industry and commerce shall order the seller to make rectification.

生产者之间、销售者之间、生产者与销售者之间订立的产品购销、加工承揽合同有不同约定的，合同当事人按照合同约定执行。

Where contracts for purchase and sale of products or for processing concluded between producers or sellers or between producers and sellers provide otherwise, the parties concerned shall act in accordance with the provisions of the contracts.

第二十九条因产品存在缺陷造成人身、缺陷产品以外的其他财产（以下简称他人财产）损害的，生产者应当承担赔偿责任。

Article 29 A producer shall be liable for compensation if his defective product causes damage to human life or property other than the defective product itself (hereinafter referred to as another persons property).

生产者能够证明有下列情形之一的，不承担赔偿责任：

A producer shall not be liable for compensation if he can prove the existence of any of the following circumstances:

（一）未将产品投入流通的；

(1) The product has not been put in circulation;

（二）产品投入流通时，引起损害的缺陷尚不存在的；

(2) The defect causing the damage did not exist at the time when the product was put in circulation;

（三）将产品投入流通时的科学技术水平尚不能发现缺陷的存在的。

(3) The science and technology at the time the product was put in circulation was at a level incapable of detecting the defect.

第三十条由于销售者的过错使产品存在缺陷，造成人身、他人财产损害的，销售者应当承担赔偿责任。

Article 30 Where damage to human life or another person property is due to a products defect caused by the fault of a seller, the seller shall be liable for compensation.

销售者不能指明缺陷产品的生产者也不能指明缺陷产品的供货者的，销售者应当承担赔偿责任。

Where the seller can identify neither the producer of the defective product nor the supplier thereof, the seller shall be liable for compensation.

第三十一条因产品存在缺陷造成人身、他人财产损害的，受害人可以向产品的生产者要求赔偿，也可以向产品的销售者要求赔偿。属于产品的生产者的责任，产品的销售者赔偿的，产品的销售者有权向产品的生产者追偿。属于产品的销售者的责任，产品的生产者赔偿的，产品的生产者有权向产品的销售者追偿。

Article 31 Where a defective product causes damage to human life or another persons property, the victim may claim compensation from the producer and may also claim compensation from the seller of such product. Where the liability falls on the producer, but the seller has made the compensation, the seller shall have the right to recover the loss from the producer. Where the liability falls on the seller, but the producer has made the compensation, the producer shall have the right to recover the loss from the seller.

第三十二条因产品存在缺陷造成受害人人身伤害的，侵害人应当赔偿医疗费、因误工减少的收入、残废者生活补助费等费用；造成受害人死亡的，并应当支付丧葬费、抚恤费、死者生前抚养的人必要的生活费等费用。

Article 32 Where bodily injury is caused by a product due to its defect, the infringer shall compensate for the medical expenses of the infringed, the decreased earning due to the loss of his working time as well as the subsistence allowance if the infringed is disabled; where such defect causes death to the infringed, the infringer shall also pay the funeral expenses, the pension for the family of the deceased and the living expenses necessary for any other person(s) supported by the deceased before his death.

因产品存在缺陷造成受害人财产损失的，侵害人应当恢复原状或者折价赔偿。受害人因此遭受其他重大损失的，侵害人应当赔偿损失。

Where damage is caused to the property of the infringed due to the defect of a product, the infringer shall restore the damaged property to its original state, or pay compensation at the market price. Where the infringed suffers any other serious losses, the infringer shall also compensate for such losses.

第三十三条因产品存在缺陷造成损害要求赔偿的诉讼时效期间为二年，自当事人知道或者应当知道其权益受到损害时起计算。

Article 33 The limitation period for bringing an action for damages arising from the defect of a product is two years, counting from the day when the party concerned knew or should have known the infringement of his rights and interests.

因产品存在缺陷造成损害要求赔偿的请求权，在造成损害的缺陷产品交付最初用户、消费者满十年丧失；但是，尚未超过明示的安全使用期的除外。

The right to claim for damages arising from defective products shall be forfeited upon completion of ten years from the day when the defective product causing the damage is delivered to the first user or consumer, except that the clearly stated safe-use period has not expired.

第三十四条本法所称缺陷，是指产品存在危及人身、他人财产安全的不合理的危险；产品有保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的，是指不符合该标准。

Article 34 Defect referred to in this Law means the unreasonable danger existing in product which endangers the safety of human life or another person property; where there are national or trade standards safeguarding the health or safety of human life and property defect means inconformity to such standards.

第三十五条因产品质量发生民事纠纷时，当事人可以通过协商或者调解解决。当事人不愿通过协商、调解解决或者协商、调解不成的，可以根据当事人中方的协议向仲裁机构申请仲裁；当事人各方没有达成仲裁协议的，可以向人民法院起诉。

Article 35 Where a civil dispute concerning product quality arises, the parties concerned may seek a settlement through negotiation or mediation. If the parties are unwilling to resort to negotiation or mediation, or negotiation or mediation proves to be unsuccessful, they may apply to an arbitration organization for arbitration as agreed upon between the parties; if the parties fail to reach an arbitration agreement, they may bring a suit before a people's court.

第三十六条仲裁机构或者人民法院可以委托本法第十一条规定的产品质量检验机构，对有关产品质量进行检验。

Article 36 The arbitration organization or the people’s court may entrust an organization in charge of product quality inspection specified in Article 11 of this Law with product quality inspection.

第五章罚则

Chapter V Penalty Provisions

第三十七条生产不符合保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的产品的，责令停止生产，没收违法生产的产品和违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，可以吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 37 Where products produced do not comply with the relevant national or trade standards safeguarding the health or safety of human life and property, the producer shall be ordered to stop the production, the products and earning illegally produced and made shall be confiscated, and, a fine from twice to five times the amount of the unlawful earnings shall be imposed concurrently, and the business licence may be revoked; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

销售不符合保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的产品的，责令停止销售。销售明知是不符合保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的国家标准、行业标准的产品的，没收违法销售的产品和违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，可以吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Where products sold do not comply with the relevant national or trade standards safeguarding the health or safety or human life and property, the seller shall be ordered to stop the sale. If a seller intentionally sells products not complying with the relevant national or trade standards safeguarding the health and safety of human life and property, the products for illegal sale and the unlawful earnings thus made shall be confiscated. And a fine from twice to five times the unlawful earnings shall be imposed concurrently, and the business licence may be revoked; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第三十八条生产者、销售者在产品中掺杂、掺假，以假充真，以次充好，或者以不合格产品冒充合格产品的，责令停止生产、销售，没收违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，可以吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 38 Where a producer or a seller mixes impurities or imitations into a product, or passes a fake product off as a genuine one, or passes a defective product off as a high-quality one, or passes a substandard product off as a good-quality one, the producer or seller shall be ordered to stop production or sale, the unlawful earnings shall be confiscated. And a fine from twice to five times his unlawful earning shall be imposed concurrently, and the business licence may be revoked; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第三十九条生产国家明令淘汰的产品的，责令停止生产，没收违法生产的产品和违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，可以吊销营业执照。

Article 39 Where a product which has been officially eliminated by the State is produced, the producer shall be ordered to stop the production, the products and earnings illegally produced and made shall be confiscated. And a fine from twice to five times the unlawful earnings shall be imposed concurrently, and the business licence may be revoked.

第四十条销售失效、变质产品的，责令停止销售，没收违法生产的产品和违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下的罚款，可以吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 40 Where invalid or deteriorated products are sold, the seller shall be ordered to stop the sale, the products for illegal sale and the unlawful earnings shall be confiscated. And a fine from twice to five times the unlawful earnings shall be imposed concurrently, and the business licence may be revoled; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第四十一条生产者、销售者伪造产品的产地的，伪造或者冒用他人的厂名、厂址的，伪造或者冒用认证标志、名优标志等质量标志的，责令公开更正，没收违法所得，可以并处罚款。

Article 41 Where a producer or a seller forges the origin of a product or falsely uses another producer name and address, or forges or falsely uses authentication marks, famous-and-excellent-product marks or other product quality marks, the producer or seller shall be ordered to make public rectification, and the unlawful earnings shall be confiscated; a fine may be imposed concurrently.

第四十二条以行贿、受贿或者其他非法手段推销、采购本法第三十七条至第四十条所列产品，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 42 Where anyone sells or purchases products mentioned in Article 37 to 40 of this Law by offering or accepting bribes or other unlawful means and if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be in vestigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第四十三条产品标识不符合本法第十五条规定的，责令改正；有包装的产品标识不符合本法第十五条第（四）项、第（五）项规定，情节严重的，可以责令停止生产、销售，并可以处以违法所得百分之十五至百分之二十的罚款。

Article 43 Where the marks of a product do not comply with the provisions of Article 15 of this Law, the producer or seller concerned shall be ordered to make rectification; where the marks of the packed products do not comply with the provisions of item (4) or (5) of Article 15 of this Law and if the case is serious, the producer or seller concerned may be ordered to stop production or sale. And a fine from 15% to 20% of the unlawful earnings may be imposed concurrently.

第四十四条伪造检验数据或者伪造检验结论的，责令更正，可以处以所收检验费一倍以上三倍以下的罚款；情节严重的，吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，对直接责任人员比照刑法第一百六十七条的规定追究刑事责任。

Article 44 Whoever forges inspection data or inspection conclusion of a product shall be ordered to make rectification, and a fine from twice to three times the inspection fee may be imposed. If the circumstance is serious, the business licence shall be revoked; where the case constitutes a crime, the person held directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law.

第四十五条本法规定的吊销营业执照的行政处罚由工商行政管理部门决定，其他行政处罚由管理产品质量监督工作的部门或者工商行政管理部门按照国务院规定的职权范围决定。法律、行政法规对行使行政处罚权的机关另有规定的，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。

Article 45 An administrative sanction in the form of revocation of business licence provided for in this Law shall be decided by the administrative department for industry and commerce, while other administrative sanctions shall be decided by the department responsible for supervision over product quality or the administrative department for industry and commerce according to the functions and powers prescribed by the State Council. Where the laws or administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise as to the authorities exercising the power of administrative sanctions, the relevant provisions of such laws and administrative rules and regulations shall apply.

第四十六条当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内直接向人民法院起诉。

Article 46 If a party is not satisfied with the decision on administrative sanction, it may, within 15 days of receipt of the sanction notice, apply for reconsideration to the authorities at the next higher level over the authorities that have made the decision on sanction; the party may also bring a suit in a people's court directly within 15 days of receipt of the sanction notice.

复议机关应当在接到复议申请之日起六十日内作出复议决定。当事人对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。

The authorities responsible for reconsideration shall make a reconsideration decision within 60 days of receipt of the application for reconsideration. If a party concerned is not satisfied with the reconsideration decision, it may bring a suit in a people's court within 15 days of receipt of such decision.

复议机关逾期不作出复议决定的，当事人可以在复议期满之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。

If no decision has been made by the authorities responsible for reconsideration upon the expiry of the time limit, the party concerned may bring an action in a people's court within 15 days of the expiry of the time limit for reconsideration.

当事人逾期不申请复议也不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚决定的，作出处罚决定的机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。

If the party concerned does not apply for reconsideration, nor bring a suit in a people's court upon the expiry of the time limit, nor carry out the decision on sanction, the authorities that have made the decision on sanction may apply to the people’s court for compulsory enforcement.

第四十七条从事产品质量监督管理的国家工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；不构成犯罪的，给予行政处分。

Article 47 Any State functionary engaged in the work of supervision and control over product quality, who abuses power, neglects duty, engages in malpractice for private benefit, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility if his act constitutes a crime; if his act does not constitute a crime, he shall be subjected to administrative sanction.

第四十八条国家工作人员利用职务，对明知有违反本法规定构成犯罪的行为的企业事业单位或者个人故意包庇使其不受追诉的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 48 Any State functionary who clearly knows that an enterprise, institution or individual has committed criminal actions in violation of this Law, and takes advantage of his position to protect the offenders intentionally from prosecution, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

第四十九条以暴力、威胁方法阻碍从事产品质量监督管理的国家工作人员依法执行职务的，依照刑法第一百五十七条的规定追究刑事责任；拒绝、阻碍从事产品质量监督管理的国家工作人员依法执行职务未使用暴力、威胁方法的，由公安机关依照治安管理处罚条例的规定处罚。

Article 49 Whoever, obstructs, by means of violence or intimidation, State functionaries engaged in the work of supervision and control over product quality from carrying out their duties according to law shall be investigated for criminal resposibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 157 of the Criminal Law; whoever refuses or impedes, without resorting to violence or intimidation, State functionaries engaged in the work of supervision and control over product quality to carry out their duties shall be punished by the public security organs in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.

第六章附则

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

第五十条军工产品质量监督管理办法，由国务院、中央军事委员会另行制定。

Article 50 Measures for supervision and control over quality of military industrial products shall be formulated separately by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.

第五十一条本法自１９９３年９月１日起施行。

Article 51 This Law shall come into force as of September 1, 1993.

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