Skip to content
Site Tools
Increase font size Decrease font size Default font size default color blue color green color
Home Living in China Chinese Law Law of the People's Republic of China on State Compensation
Law of the People's Republic of China on State Compensation
Chinese Law
Law of the People's Republic of China on State Compensation
中华人民共和国国家赔偿法
(Adopted at the Seventh Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on May 12, 1994, promulgated by Order No. 23 of the President of the People's Republic of China on May 12, 1994, and effective as of January 1, 1995)




CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS

CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATIVE COMPENSATION

SECTION 1 SCOPE OF COMPENSATION

SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION SECTION 3 COMPENSATORY PROCEDURE

CHAPTER III CRIMINAL COMPENSATION

SECTION 1 SCOPE OF COMPENSATION

SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION SECTION 3 COMPENSATORY PROCEDURE

CHAPTER IV FORMS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPENSATION

CHAPTER V OTHER PROVISIONS

CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS


Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution with a view to safeguarding the right of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to State compensation according to law, and promoting the exercise by State organs of their functions and powers according to law.


Article 2 Where State organs or State functionaries, in violation of the law, abuse their functions and powers infringing upon the lawful rights and interests of the citizens, legal persons and other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the victims shall have the right to State compensation in accordance with this Law.

Compensation by the State shall be carried out by the organs liable for compensation as stipulated by this Law.


CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATIVE COMPENSATION


Article 3 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an administrative organ or its functionaries, in exercising their administrative functions and powers, commit any of the following acts infringing upon the right of the person of a citizen:

(1) Detaining a citizen in violation of the law or unlawfully taking compulsory administrative measures in restraint of his personal freedom;


(2) Unlawfully taking a citizen into custody or depriving him of his right of the person by other unlawful means;


(3) Using or instigating violence such as beating one up, thereby causing bodily injury or death to a citizen;


(4) Unlawfully using weapons or police restraint implements, thereby causing bodily injury or death to a citizen; or


(5) Other unlawful acts causing bodily injury or death to a citizen.


Article 4 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an administrative organ or its functionaries, in exercising their functions and powers, commit any of the following acts infringing upon property right:


(1) Illegally inflicting administrative sanctions such as imposition of fines, revocation of certificates and licences, ordering suspension of production and business, or confiscation of property;


(2) Illegally implementing compulsory administrative measures such as sealing up, distraining or freezing property;

(3) Expropriating property or apportioning expenses in violation of the provisions of the State; or

(4) Other illegal acts causing damage to property.


Article 5 The State shall not be liable for compensation in any of the following circumstances:

(1) Individual acts of a functionary of an administrative organ, which have nothing to do with the exercise of his functions and powers;

(2) Damage arisen from acts done by citizens, legal persons or other organizations themselves; or

(3) Other circumstances provided by law.


SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION


Article 6 Victimized citizens, legal persons or other organizations shall have the right to demand compensation.

In case of death of a victim, his heirs or other relatives in maintenance relationship with him shall have the right to demand compensation.

In case of termination of a victimized legal person or other organization, the legal person or other organization that succeeds to the former's rights shall have the right to demand compensation.

Article 7 Where an administrative organ and its functionaries, in exercising their administrative powers, infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen, a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organ shall be the organ liable for compensation.

Where two or more than two administrative organs in jointly exercising their administrative functions and powers infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organs jointly exercising their administrative functions and powers shall be the organs jointly liable for compensation.

Where an organization in exercising the administrative powers conferred on it by law, rules and regulations infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the empowered organization shall be the organization liable for compensation.

Where an organization or an individual, in exercising the administrative powers entrusted to it or him by an administrative organ, infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organ that did the entrustment shall be the organ liable for compensation.

Where an organ liable for compensation has been abolished, the administrative organ that continues to exercise the former's functions and powers shall be the organ liable for compensation; if there is no administrative organ that continues to exercise the former's functions and powers, the administrative organ that abolished the former organ shall be the organ liable for compensation.

Article 8 If reconsideration of a case has been made, the administrative organ that first did the tortious act shall be the organ liable for compensation; however, if the outcome of the reconsideration aggravates the damage, the organ undertaking the reconsideration of the case shall carry out its compensatory obligations as regards the increased portion of damages.

Article 9 An organ liable for compensation shall, after confirmation according to law of its involvement in any of the circumstances stipulated in Articles 3 and 4 of this Law, make the compensation.

A claimant who demands compensation shall first apply to the organ liable for the compensation, or may make demands for it simultaneously when applying for administrative reconsideration of the case or when bringing an administrative action.


Article 10 A claimant to compensation may demand compensation from any of the organs jointly liable for it, and the organ approached by him for the purpose shall first make the compensation.


Article 11 A claimant to compensation may, in light of the difference in nature of the damage suffered, make separate claims simultaneously for compensation of the damages.


Article 12 For the purpose of claiming damages, an application in writing shall be made, giving the following particulars:

(1) Name, sex, age, work unit and address of the victim; if the victim is a legal person or other organization, its name and address as well as the name and post of its legal representative or of the person chiefly responsible for the entity;

(2) Concrete statement of the claim, factual grounds and reasons; and

(3) Date, month and year of the application.

If the claimant has true difficulty in writing an application, he may entrust another person with its writing, or may make the application orally, which shall be transcribed and put into the record by the organ liable for compensation.

Article 13 The organ liable for compensation shall, within two months from the date of receiving the application, pay the compensation in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of this Law. If payment has not been made within this period, or if the claimant is not satisfied with the amount of compensation, he may bring a suit in a people's court within three months from the date of expiration of the period.

Article 14 The organ liable for compensation shall, after making the compensation, charge its functionaries, entrusted organizations or individuals who have been intentional or grossly negligent in the matter, to bear part or the whole of the compensatory expenses.

Those who are responsible for the matter and have been intentional or grossly negligent shall be given administrative sanctions by the relevant organ in accordance with law; if a crime has been constituted, they shall, according to law, be investigated for criminal responsibility.


CHAPTER III CRIMINAL COMPENSATION

Article 15 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an organ in charge of investigatory, procuratorial, judicial or prison administration work, or its functionaries, infringe upon his right of the person in the exercise of its functions and powers in any of the following circumstances:

(1) Wrong detention of a person without incriminating facts or proof substantiating a strong suspicion of the commission of a crime;


(2) Wrong arrest of a person without incriminating facts;


(3) Innocence is found in a retrial held in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision, but the original sentence has already been executed;


(4) Extortion of a confession by torture or causing bodily injury or death to a citizen by using or instigating the use of violence such as beating one up; or


(5) Causing bodily injury or death to a citizen by the unlawful use of weapons or police restraint implements.


Article 16 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an organ in charge of investigatory, procuratorial, judicial or prison administration work, or its functionaries, infringe upon property rights in any of the following circumstances:


(1) Unlawfully taking measures such as sealing up, distraining, freezing or recovering a property; or


(2) Innocence is found in a retrial held in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision, but the fine or confiscation of property in the original sentence has already been executed.


Article 17 The State shall not be liable for compensation in any of the following circumstances:


(1) The taking into custody or sentencing being due to a citizen's own intentionally made false statements or fabricated evidence of guilt;


(2) The person taken into custody being one not liable for criminal responsibility in accordance with Articles 14 and 15 of the Criminal Law;


(3) The person taken into custody being one who shall not be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with Article 11 of the Criminal Procedure Law;


(4) Individual acts of functionaries of organs in charge of investigatory, procuratorial, judicial or prison administration work of the State, which have nothing to do with the exercise of their functions and powers;


(5) Damage being caused by intentional acts of a citizen such as self- wounding and self-mutilation; or

(6) Other circumstances as stipulated by law.


SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION

Article 18 Claimants to compensation shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of this Law.

Article 19 If an organ in charge of investigatory, procuratorial, judicial or prison administration work, or its functionaries, infringe upon the rights and interests of a citizen, a legal person, or other organizations, in the exercise of its functions and powers, thereby causing damage to the victims, that organ shall be the organ liable for compensation.

If a person is wrongly detained without incriminating facts nor proof substantiating a strong suspicion of the commission of a crime, the organ deciding on the detention shall be the organ liable for compensation.


If a person is wrongly arrested without incriminating facts, the organ deciding on the arrest shall be the organ liable for compensation.


If a person is adjudged not guilty in a retrial, the people's court passing the originally effective sentence shall be the organ liable for compensation. If a person is adjudged not guilty by a court of the second instance, the lower court passing the original sentence and the organ deciding on the arrest shall be the organs jointly liable for compensation.



Article 20 An organ liable for compensation shall pay the compensation if its involvement in any of the circumstance stipulated in the provisions of Articles 15 and 16 of this Law has been lawfully confirmed.

If a demand for confirmation of the presence of one of the circumstances stipulated in the provisions of Articles 15 and 16 of this Law has been made by a claimant to compensation and is not satisfied by the organ to which the demand was made, the claimant to compensation shall have the right to bring an appeal.

A claimant to compensation shall first apply to the organ liable for compensation in making a demand for it.

The provisions of Articles 10, 11 and 12 of this Law shall be applicable to the compensatory procedure.


Article 21 An organ liable for compensation shall pay compensation in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of this Law within two months from the date of receiving the application; if payment is not made within the period, or if the claimant to compensation is not satisfied with the sum of compensation, he may apply for reconsideration to an organ at the next higher level within thirty days from the date of expiration of the period.

If the organ liable for compensation is a people's court, the claimant to compensation may, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, apply to the compensation commission of a people's court at the next higher level for a decision on compensation.

Article 22 An organ undertaking the reconsideration shall decide the matter within two months from the date of receiving the application.

A claimant to compensation who refuses to accept the outcome of the reconsideration, may, within thirty days from the date of receiving the decision, apply for a decision on compensation to the compensation commission of the people's court at the same level in the locality where the organ that attended to the reconsideration is situated; if the latter organ has made no decision within the period prescribed, the claimant to compensation may, within thirty days from the expiration of the period, apply for a decision to the compensation commission of the people's court at the same level in the locality where the organ undertaking the reconsideration is situated.


Article 23 People's courts at or above the intermediate level shall establish compensation commission composed of three to seven of their judges.

In making decisions on compensations, compensation commissions shall implement the principle of the minority subordinating to the majority.

Decisions made by a compensation commission are legally effective, and must be implemented.


Article 24 An organ liable for compensation shall, after compensating the damage, recover part, or the whole of the compensation expenses from its functionaries who are involved in any of the following circumstances:

(1) Circumstances stated in Items 4 and 5 of Article 15 of this Law; or


(2) Embezzlement and bribe-taking, malpractice for personal ends, or twisting the law in the handling of cases. Persons responsible for their involvement in the circumstances as stated in Items 1 and 2 of the preceding paragraph shall be given administrative sanctions by the relevant organ according to law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.


CHAPTER IV FORMS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPENSATION


Article 25 State compensation shall take the form of payment of damages in the main.

If the property is able to be returned or its original condition is able to be restored, the property shall be returned or its original condition restored.

Article 26 If freedom of the person of a citizen is infringed, compensatory payment for each day shall be assessed in accordance with the State average daily pay of staff and workers in the previous year.


Article 27 If a citizen's right to life and health is infringed upon, compensatory payment shall be assessed in accordance with the following provisions:


(1) In the case of bodily injury, medical expenses as well as compensation for loss in income due to missed working time shall be paid. Daily compensation for the loss in income shall be assessed in accordance with the State average daily pay of staff and workers in the previous year, the maximum shall be five times the State average yearly pay of staff and workers in the previous year;


(2) In the case of loss of part or the whole of working capability, medical expenses and disability compensation shall be paid, the latter to be determined in accordance with the degree of working capability lost. Maximum amount of compensation for partial loss of working capability shall be ten times the State average yearly pay of staff and workers in the previous year, and that for total loss, twenty times, in which case living expenses shall too be paid to persons who have no working capability and have been supported by the disabled; or


(3) If death results, compensation for death and funeral expenses shall be paid, the total amount shall be twenty times the State average yearly pay of staff and workers in the previous year. Living expenses shall too be paid to those who have no working capability and have been supported by the deceased in his lifetime.

The standard for payment of living expenses provided in Items 2 and 3 in the preceding paragraph shall be handled by using for reference relevant provisions for relief of the local departments of civil affairs. If the persons supported by the deceased are minors, their living expenses shall be paid until they reach the age of 18; as to the others who have no working capability, living expenses shall be paid until their death.


Article 28 Infringement of property right of a citizen, a legal person, or other organizations, resulting in damage being caused, shall be dealt with in accordance with the following provisions:


(1) If fines, recovery or confiscation of property have been ordered, or monies and chattels have been expropriated and expenses apportioned in violation of the provisions of the State, the properties shall be returned;


(2) If properties have been sealed up, distrained or frozen, the restraints shall be lifted; for properties thus damaged or missing, compensation shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of Items 3 and 4 of this Article;


(3) If the property to be returned is damaged, it shall be restored to its original condition if such restoration can be done; if not, corresponding compensation shall be paid in accordance with the extent of damage;


(4) If the property to be returned is missing, corresponding compensation shall be paid;


(5) If the property has been sold by auction, the proceeds of the auction shall be returned;


(6) If the certificate and licence have been revoked and suspension of production and business has been ordered, compensation shall be paid for necessary overhead expenses for the period of such suspension; and


(7) If other damage is done to property rights, compensation shall be paid for the direct losses.


Article 29 Compensation expenses shall be entered in the financial budget at various levels, specific measures therefor are to be provided by the State Council.


Article 30 If the presence of any one of the circumstances stipulated in Items 1 and 2 of Article 3 and Items 1, 2 and 3 of Article 15 of this Law has been lawfully confirmed and found injurious to the victim's reputation and honour, the organ liable for compensation shall, within the scope of influence of the tortious act, eliminate the evil effects for the victim, rehabilitate his reputation, and extend an apology.


Article 31 If a people's court, in violation of the law, adopts in civil or administrative proceedings compulsory measures or preservative measures in impairment of the proceedings, or wrongly executes a judgment or a ruling or other effective legal documents, thereby resulting in damage being done, the criminal compensation procedures of this Law shall be applicable to the procedure for making claims for compensation by the claimant.


Article 32 The limitation of action for claims for State compensation shall be two years, to be counted from the day the exercise of the functions and powers by a State organ and its functionaries is lawfully confirmed to be in violation of law, but the period of detention of the victim shall not be counted.

The limitation of action for claims for State compensation shall be suspended if during its last six months, the claimant is unable to exercise his rights due to force majeure or other obstacles. The limitation shall resume from the day the grounds for suspension are eliminated.


Article 33 If a foreigner, a foreign enterprise, or a foreign organization within the territory of the People's Republic of China demands compensation to be made by the People's Republic of China, this Law shall apply.

If a State to which a foreigner, a foreign enterprise, or a foreign organization belongs gives no protection to or limits the right of a citizen, a legal person, or other organizations of the People's Republic of China to claim compensation by that State, the People's Republic of China shall implement the principle of reciprocity with the State to which the foreigner, the foreign enterprise, or the foreign organization belongs.


CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

Article 34 No organs liable for compensation or undertaking the reconsideration of a case, or the people's courts may collect any expenses from a claimant to State compensation.
No tax shall be levied as regards the compensation a claimant has obtained.

Article 35 This law shall go into effect as of January 1, 1995.

中华人民共和国国家赔偿法

(1994年5月12日第八届人大常委会第七次会议通过)

第一章 总则

第一条 为保障公民、法人和其他组织享有依法取得国家赔偿的权利,促进国家机关依法行使职权,根据宪法,制定本法。

第二条 国家机关和国家机关工作人员违法行使职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,受害人有依照本法取得国家赔偿的权利。国家赔偿由本法规定的赔偿义务机关履行赔偿义务。


第二章 行政赔偿

第一节 赔偿范围

第三条 行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯人身权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利:

(一)违法拘留或者违法采取限制公民人身自由的行政强制措施的;

(二)非法拘禁或者以其他方法非法剥夺公民人身自由的;

(三)以殴打等暴力行为或者唆使他人以殴打等暴力行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的;

(四)违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的;

(五)造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的其他违法行为。

第四条 行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯财产权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利:

(一)违法实施罚款、吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收财物等行政处罚的;

(二)违法对财产采取查封、扣押、冻结等行政强制措施的;

(三)违反国家规定征收财物、摊派费用的;

(四)造成财产损害的其他违法行为。

第五条 属于下列情形之一的,国家不承担赔偿责任:

(一)行政机关工作人员与行使职权无关的个人行为;

(二)因公民、法人和其他组织自己的行为致使损害发生的;

(三)法律规定的其他情形。

第二节 赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关

第六条 受害的公民、法人和其他组织有权要求赔偿。

受害的公民死亡,其继承人和其他有扶养关系的亲属有权要求赔偿。

受害的法人或者其他组织终止,承受其权利的法人或者其他组织有权要求赔偿。

第七条 行政机关及其工作人员行使行政职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,该行政机关为赔偿义务机关。
    两个以上行政机关共同行使行政职权时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,共同行使行政职权的行政机关为共同赔偿义务机关。法律、法规授权的组织在行使授予的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,被授权的组织为赔偿义务机关。受行政机关委托的组织或者个人在行使受委托的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,委托的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。赔偿义务机关被撤销的,继续行使其职权的行政机关为赔偿义务机关;没有继续行使其职权的行政机关的,撤销该赔偿义务机关的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。

第八条 经复议机关复议的,最初造成侵权行为的行政机关为赔偿义务机关,但复议机关的复议决定加重损害的,复议机关对加重的部分履行赔偿义务。

第三节 赔偿程序

第九条 赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第三条、第四条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。
    赔偿请求人要求赔偿应当先向赔偿义务机关提出,也可以在申请行政复议和提起行政诉讼时一并提出。

第十条 赔偿请求人可以向共同赔偿义务机关中的任何一个赔偿义务机关要求赔偿,该赔偿义务机关应当先予赔偿。

第十一条 赔偿请求人根据受到的不同损害,可以同时提出数项赔偿要求。

第十二条 要求赔偿应当递交申请书,申请书应当载明下列事项:

(一)受害人的姓名、性别、年龄、工作单位和住所,法人或者其他组织的名

称、住所和法定代表人或者主要负责人的姓名、职务;

(二)具体的要求、事实根据和理由;

(三)申请的年、月、日。
     赔偿请求人书写申请书确有困难的,可以委托他人代书;也可以口头申请,由赔偿义务机关记入笔录。

第十三条 赔偿义务机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内依照本法第四章的规定给予赔偿;逾期不予赔偿或者赔偿请求人对赔偿数额有异议的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三个月内向人民法院提起诉讼。

第十四条 赔偿义务机关赔偿损失后,应当责令有故意或者重大过失的工作人员或者受委托的组织或者个人承担部分或者全部赔偿费用。
    对有故意或者重大过失的责任人员,有关机关应当依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,应当依法追究刑事责任。


第三章 刑事赔偿

第一节 赔偿范围

第十五条 行使侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时有下列侵犯人身权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利:

(一)对没有犯罪事实或者没有事实证明有犯罪重大嫌疑的人错误拘留的;

(二)对没有犯罪事实的人错误逮捕的;

(三)依照审判监督程序再审改判无罪,原判刑罚已经执行的;

(四)刑讯逼供或者以殴打等暴力行为或者唆使他人以殴打等暴力行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的;

(五)违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的。

第十六条 行使侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时有下列侵犯财产权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利:

(一)违法对财产采取查封、扣押、冻结、追缴等措施的;

(二)依照审判监督程序再审改判无罪,原判罚金、没收财产已经执行的。

第十七条 属于下列情形之一的,国家不承担赔偿责任:

(一)因公民自己故意作虚伪供述,或者伪造其他有罪证据被羁押或者被判处刑罚的;

(二)依照刑法第十四条、第十五条规定不负刑事责任的人被羁押的;

(三)依照刑事诉讼法第十一条规定不追究刑事责任的人被羁押的;

(四)行使国家侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关的工作人员与行使职权无关的个人行为;

(五)因公民自伤、自残故意行为致使损害发生的;

(六)法律规定的其他情形。

第二节 赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关

第十八条 赔偿请求人的确定依照本法第六条的规定。

第十九条 行使国家侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,该机关为赔偿义务机关。
    对没有犯罪事实或者没有事实证明有犯罪重大嫌疑的人错误拘留的,作出拘留决定的机关为赔偿义务机关。对没有犯罪事实的人错误逮捕的,作出逮捕决定的机关为赔偿义务机关。再审改判无罪的,作出原生效判决的人民法院为赔偿义务机关。二审改判无罪的,作出一审判决的人民法院和作出逮捕决定的机关为共同赔偿义务机关。

第三节 赔偿程序

第二十条 赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的,被要求的机关不予确认的,赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿请求人要求赔偿,应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。

第二十一条 赔偿义务机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内依照本法第四章的规定给予赔偿;逾期不予赔偿或者赔偿请求人对赔偿数额有异议的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三十日内向其上一级机关申请复议。
     赔偿义务机关是人民法院的,赔偿请求人可以依照前款规定向其上一级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定。

第二十二条 复议机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内作出决定。
    赔偿请求人不服复议决定的,可以在收到复议决定之日起三十日内向复议机关所在地的同级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定;复议机关逾期不作决定的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三十日内向复议机关所在地的同级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定。

第二十三条 中级以上的人民法院设立赔偿委员会,由人民法院三名至七名审判员组成。赔偿委员会作赔偿决定,实行少数服从多数的原则。赔偿委员会作出的赔偿决定,是发生法律效力的决定,必须执行。

第二十四条 赔偿义务机关赔偿损失后,应当向有下列情形之一的工作人员追偿部分或者全部赔偿费用:

(一)有本法第十五条第(四)、(五)项规定情形的;

(二)在处理案件中有贪污受贿,徇私舞弊,枉法裁判行为的。

对有前款(一)、(二)项规定情形的责任人员,有关机关应当依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,应当依法追究刑事责任。

第四章 赔偿方式和计算标准

第二十五条 国家赔偿以支付赔偿金为主要方式。

能够返还财产或者恢复原状的,予以返还财产或者恢复原状。

第二十六条 侵犯公民人身自由的,每日的赔偿金按照国家上年度职工日平均工资计算。

第二十七条 侵犯公民生命健康权的,赔偿金按照下列规定计算:

(一)造成身体伤害的,应当支付医疗费,以及赔偿因误工减少的收入。减少的收入每日的赔偿金按照国家上年度职工日平均工资计算,最高额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的五倍;

(二)造成部分或者全部丧失劳动能力的,应当支付医疗费,以及残疾赔偿金,
     残疾赔偿金根据丧失劳动能力的程度确定,部分丧失劳动能力的最高额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的十倍,全部丧失劳动能力的为国家上年度职工年平均工资的二十倍。造成全部丧失劳动能力的,对其扶养的无劳动能力的人,还应当支付生活费;

(三)造成死亡的,应当支付死亡赔偿金、丧葬费,总额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的二十倍。对死者生前扶养的无劳动能力的人,还应当支付生活费。前款第(二)、(三)项规定的生活费的发放标准参照当地民政部门有关生活救济的规定办理。被扶养的人是未成年人的,生活费给付至十八周岁止;其他无劳动能力的人,生活费给付至死亡时止。

第二十八条 侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的财产权造成损害的,按照下列规定

处理:

(一)处罚款、罚金、追缴、没收财产或者违反国家规定征收财物、摊派费用的,返还财产;

(二)查封、扣押、冻结财产的,解除对财产的查封、扣押、冻结,造成财产损坏或者灭失的,依照本条第(三)、(四)项的规定赔偿;

(三)应当返还的财产损坏的,能够恢复原状的恢复原状,不能恢复原状的,按照损害程度给付相应的赔偿金;

(四)应当返还的财产灭失的,给付相应的赔偿金;

(五)财产已经拍卖的,给付拍卖所得的价款;

(六)吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业的,赔偿停产停业期间必要的经常性费用开支;

(七)对财产权造成其他损害的,按照直接损失给予赔偿。

第二十九条 赔偿费用,列入各级财政预算,具体办法由国务院规定。


第五章 其他规定

第三十条 赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第三条第(一)、(二)项、第十

五条第(一)、(二)、(三)项规定的情形之一,并造成受害人名誉权、荣誉权

损害的,应当在侵权行为影响的范围内,为受害人消除影响,恢复名誉,赔礼道歉。

第三十一条 人民法院在民事诉讼、行政诉讼过程中,违法采取对妨害诉讼的强制措施、保全措施或者对判决、裁定及其他生效法律文书执行错误,造成损害的,赔偿请求人要求赔偿的程序,适用本法刑事赔偿程序的规定。

第三十二条 赔偿请求人请求国家赔偿的时效为两年,自国家机关及其工作人员行使职权时的行为被依法确认为违法之日起计算,但被羁押期间不计算在内。

赔偿请求人在赔偿请求时效的最后六个月内,因不可抗力或者其他障碍不能行使请求权的,时效中止。从中止时效的原因消除之日起,赔偿请求时效期间继续计算。

第三十三条 外国人、外国企业和组织在中华人民共和国领域内要求中华人民共和国国家赔偿的,适用本法。外国人、外国企业和组织的所属国对中华人民共和国公民、法人和其他组织要求该国国家赔偿的权利不予保护或者限制的,中华人民共和国与该外国人、外国企业和组织的所属国实行对等原则。


第六章 附则

第三十四条 赔偿请求人要求国家赔偿的,赔偿义务机关、复议机关和人民法院不得向赔偿请求人收取任何费用。对赔偿请求人取得的赔偿金不予征税。

第三十五条 本法自1995年1月1日起施行
 

China Yellow Pages